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Chapter 13 The Rural Area

Aim: To address local land use planning issues specific to the defined rural settlements, the Colchester Fringe and other defined areas within the countryside surrounding them.

13.1 This Chapter relates to Proposals Map Insets 6 onwards covering the rural villages as defined in Policy QL1 of this Plan and the Colchester fringes; and in part, the Main District Proposals Map. It provides the planning context, policies and site specific proposals to meet the needs of these areas up to 2011. It is important this Chapter is read in conjunction with the earlier policies that relate to the whole of the Tendring District.

13.2 Many of the previous Local Plan policies adopted in 1998 continue to be relevant. Consequently, where appropriate, they have been carried forward into this Plan either unchanged or amended, and new policies and proposals have been added.

13.3 The previous Adopted Local Plan included detailed statements for each of the villages in Tendring. For this Plan, it is clear that a number of common themes have emerged for all the settlements within the countryside and it is therefore considered that one statement covering all rural settlements is appropriate. However, this plan still retains individual Inset Maps for each of the defined villages.

Key Issues:

13.3a The Key issues for the rural areas of the District are as follows:

• the identification of appropriate Settlement Development Boundaries;

• promoting regeneration of the rural economy;

• ensuring that sufficient land is made available for the needs of industry and commerce;

• improving open space provision and community facilities;

• the scale and location of future housing developments;

• recognising the value of environmental assets in and around the villages; and

• protecting and enhancing the character of Conservation Areas.

Location of New Development - Settlement Development Boundaries

13.4 As part of a sustainable approach, Settlement Development Boundaries to which policies QL1 and HG3 apply, are only drawn around those villages listed in Policy QL1. This is to encourage development only in villages that, with a certain range of facilities, could support some further development without significantly increasing unsustainable travel. A village has been defined as a geographically compact group of 30 or more dwellings that, within the group, also has one or more of either a primary school, a village hall or a convenience shop.

13.5 The Settlement Development Boundary for the Colchester fringe encapsulates the built-up area of Colchester that falls within the Tendring side of the District Boundary. This includes the residential area in Plains Farm Close and the car show rooms on the opposite side of the road. Also, employment land at the Betts Factory, Ipswich Road and land west of Ipswich Road is included within the boundary.

13.6 The Settlement Development Boundaries are tightly drawn to reflect the prominent impact development on the edge of these villages would have over the surrounding open countryside and to discourage inappropriate proposals for backland development.

Strengthening the Economy and Promoting Regeneration

Stimulating Rural Regeneration and Renewal

13.7 Rural communities nationally have suffered from a loss of facilities and public services, shortages of low-cost housing and reduced local job opportunities brought about by changes in farming practices over the last ten years. These trends have been reflected in the rural communities of the Tendring District.

13.8 In Policy QL7 of this Plan, the Council aims to encourage regeneration in rural areas by permitting appropriate rural diversification schemes on agricultural holdings and supporting affordable housing to address local need, employment opportunities and local recreation or new community facilities within the defined villages. This Policy also gives protection to existing local services and community facilities, the Best and Most Versatile Agricultural land and employment sites.

13.9 Agriculture, once a major source of employment in rural areas, now employs only a small percentage of the rural population. This is a downward trend likely to continue due to increasing mechanisation of production and as changes to the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) begin a permanent shift away from farming for subsidy to farming for the market. CAP funds will become increasingly available for measures that focus less on agriculture and more on developing the rural economy as a whole and on promoting sustainability.

13.10 Diversification of the rural economy will be encouraged provided new uses do not damage the landscape, generate excessive amounts of traffic or significantly affect residential amenities or character. Diversification will be crucial to providing future employment opportunities and thus ensure the long-term economic prosperity of rural communities. The diversification of farm enterprises and the re-use of other redundant rural buildings is dealt with in both the Sustaining Strengthening the Economy and Promoting Regeneration and the Sustaining Our Environment Chapters of this Plan.

Achieving Economic Success and Protecting Existing Employment Areas

13.11 The trend to move away from agriculture to more diverse sources of employment brings about a demand for more land for employment development within the rural areas. In accordance with the Structure Plan, around 100101 hectares of new employment land will be made available throughout the District to meet expected demand over the period 1996 to 2011. The Council places a high priority on protecting existing suitable employment sites because of the need to provide adequate land, over the Plan Period and beyond, to enable sufficient opportunities for new rural enterprises that will help to ease the problems created by the declining agricultural employment.

13.12 Both proposed and existing safeguarded employment areas are identified on the Proposals Map Insets and are allocated and protected by policies ER1 and ER3 of this Plan respectively. Policy QL7 emphasises the importance of promoting and protecting employment sites to assist regeneration in the District’s rural areas and gives additional protection to existing sites that provide a source of legitimate employment in rural areas, but that are not specifically identified on the Proposals Map. An example is the Exchem Organics Works, Bramble Island, Great Oakley. The chemical nature of the work that takes place there is considered most suitable in this remote location away from areas of residential development. Any proposals to extend the operations here would be subject to Policy ER8 of this Plan.

13.13 Four sites are allocated for employment use in rural areas. The largest of these sites is land north of the Car Auctions, Frating comprising 27 hectares. This is a specific site in relation to finding appropriate sites for development along the A120 corridor and comprising the junction with the A133. Due to the sensitive landscape of this area, proposals for this site would have to incorporate a sympathetic landscaping scheme to mitigate the visual impact of any development.

13.13a Five sites are allocated for employment use in the rural areas. The largest of these is land south of the A120 and east of the A133, comprising 27 hectares. Policy QL5(c) and paragraphs 2.35a, 2.35b, 2.35c and 2.35d set out the context for this allocation.

13.14 0.94 hectares of land to the east of the Plough Centre, Plough Road, Great Bentley, allocated for employment use in the previous Local Plan, is re-allocated to form an extension to the Plough Centre. and 2ha of land north of Bypass Road, St. Osyth is allocated for business and industrial use.

13.15 Martells Pit, just south of Ardleigh village, is an area currently used for gravel workings and a small industrial estate. 25% of the site is already in industrial use and there is potential for further provision depending on the extent of mineral operations. Whilst the site is allocated for a mixture of B1, B2 and B8 uses, its particular value is as a location for industrial activities which by nature of their untidy or un-neighbourly character my not be well suited to an industrial estate. Consequently, this particular site is valuable as a potential location for non-conforming industrial activity that might otherwise be difficult to accommodate elsewhere in the District. The Environment Agency have indicated that they would expect any new industrial development to be connected to the public foul sewer, which may necessitate the construction of a pumping station. This is required as there is a significant risk of foul water polluting the ground water aquifer.

13.16 Particular consideration will be given to the issue of traffic generation of heavy goods vehicles and that adequate provision is made within the site for vehicle circulation. The following Policy addresses this issue.

Policy RA1 — Martells Pit, Ardleigh

On land allocated for employment use at Martells Pit, no new premises will be occupied until the internal road system has been extended satisfactorily in highway terms, to cope with the new development.

13.17 In Wix, Land north of Paskell’s Timber Yard is allocated to form an extension to the employment area north of the village and south of the A120. This site was identified for employment use in the previous Local Plan but development did not take place in the Plan Period. It is still considered by the Council to be a suitable site for employment use and has therefore been re-allocated.

13.18 Proposals for new employment areas in the rural areas not specifically allocated in this Plan are supported in Policy ER10 subject to meeting the criteria set out in Policy ER7 of this Plan. One such proposal includes land north of Bypass Road, St. Osyth which was the subject of a representation to the Issues Report from St. Osyth Parish Council seeking employment development.

13.19 It is proposed that the Maltings opposite Thorpe-le-Soken Maltings, opposite Thorpe-le-Soken Railway Station should be retained as an important is one of the district’s most recognisable historic landmarks. Listed in October 1998 as a Grade II structure, and lying within the Thorpe Station and Maltings Conservation Area, every effort should be made to retain and restore the building, and any proposal for re-use of the building should respect the building’s architectural and historic character along with its setting.

13.20 Due to its derelict and rapidly deteriorating state, Thorpe Maltings has been identified by Essex County Council as a

Building at Risk”. In response,Essex the County Council and the building’s landownersare taking the lead by have initiating commissioned a studyies aimed at finding a viable comprehensive scheme for restoration of the Maltings and adjoining properties. A The study will be commissioned aimed at developing recommend a feasible strategy to which addresses the need to preserve and re-use the Maltings and resolves the mix of problematic uses that surround it. This study, if deemed appropriate, will be adopted for use as SPG.

Policy RA2 — Thorpe-le-Soken Maltings

The restoration and re-use of Thorpe-le-Soken Maltings will be supported as part of a comprehensive enhancement of the Thorpe Station and Maltings Conservation Area. AcceptableuUses will include on conversion will be as offices and/or small business premises and housing.

If the accepted technical evidence suggests that condition of the building indicates that the Maltings cannot be economically restored, permission may be granted for a replacement building upon the existing footprint of the Maltings.

13.21 It is accepted that for the restoration and re-use of the Maltings to take place, some form of enabling development (including some housing) may be necessary to support any scheme. Any proposed enabling development will be subject to other policies in this Plan, in particular Policy EN27. However, if it is apparent from the above study that restoration and re-use of the Maltings, due to its deterioration is no longer a viable option, the redevelopment of the building in accordance with Policies EN20 and EN21 of this Plan may be allowed. In such an instance, there would be no exceptional justification for residential enabling development on adjoining land.

Existing Caravan and Chalet Parks

13.22 The rural areas have some important caravan and chalet parks that should be protected to promote tourism in the Tendring District. Policies ER18, ER19 and ER19aER23 of this Plan deal with the need to safeguard these sites in principle, to seek improvements to facilities wherever appropriate, and to encourage some provision of touring caravan and tent pitches. The safeguarded sites are shown on the Proposals Map Insets.

13.23 The safeguarded sites are shown on the Proposals Map Insets. Notable examples include Point Clear Bay Holiday Caravan Park and the Firs and Anchor Caravan Parks, Little Clacton.

Serviced Tourist Accommodation

13.24 The allocation of land rear of “The White Hart” Public House, Harwich Road, Wix for the potential development of a motel has been carried forward from Local Plan to Local Plan since 1982. This site does have the benefit of planning permission for the development of an 18-room motel granted in 2003.

Policy RA3 — Motel

Land at the rear of “The White Hart” Public House, Harwich Road, east of Wix, is considered suitable for the development of a motel.

Shopping and Town Centres

13.25 Shopping provision varies considerably from village to village. Large villages like Thorpe-le-Soken contain a variety of small comparison and convenience goods shops, whereas small villages like Great Bromley, have little or no provision at all. General policies covering shopping issues are contained in the Strengthening the Economy and Promoting Regeneration Chapter of this Plan.

13.26 The Tendring District contains six rural “Local Centres” as defined in Policy ER31 of this Plan. These are:

• High Street, Thorpe-le-Soken;

• Clacton and Spring Roads, St. Osyth;

• Station Road, Alresford;

• Clacton Road, Elmstead Market;

• Plough Road, Great Bentley; and

• The Street, Little Clacton.

13.27 These areas are shown on the Proposals Map Insets for these six villages.

Sustainable and Affordable Housing

A Sequential and Sustainable Approach

13.28 As part of a sustainable approach the Plan, through Policy QL1, contains 24 villages with defined Settlement Development Boundaries based upon their size, layout and the presence of certain key facilities.

13.29 Reflecting PPG3 (Housing), the Plan seeks to meet as much of the District’s housing requirement as possible within existing settlements, including defined villages in Policy QL1, on suitable previously developed sites accessible to facilities and at appropriate densities making efficient use of land. In accordance with the Plan’s Spatial Strategy described in Policy QL1, the sequential approach of PPG3 and Adopted Replacement Structure Plan Policy H2, most new housing will be concentrated in the “large urban areas” of Clacton and Harwich as set out in Table 1 to Policy HG1. This includes urban extensions to Clacton and Harwich as insufficient suitable and available previously developed land is likely to come forward in the Plan Period in the District’s settlements to meet the Structure Plan housing requirement for the District.

13.30 Potential housing allocation sites were assessed sequentially against a range of PPG3 sustainability criteria. As a result, sufficient suitable urban extension sites for housing have been identified on the edges of Clacton and Harwich such that proposed expansion of smaller towns or villages, with more limited accessibility to employment, choice of sustainable means of transport, shops and other facilities and services, has not been necessary. Accordingly, following the sequential approach, a search for greenfield sites for general housing on the edge of villages wasunwarranted for this Plan Period.

13.31 However, iIn accordance with Replacement Structure Plan Policy H2, a combination of rolled-forward large site commitments (Appendix 1), and a large number of small windfall housing sites on previously developed land within defined villages will continue to come forward for consideration through the development control process. The scale of housing provision locally in villages should therefore make an important contribution consistent with local community needs and sustainability principles, and will be supplemented by rural exception schemes (see below).

Affordable Housing

13.32 In accordance with Policy HG4, housing schemes of 3 or more dwellings in villages will be expected to provide an element of genuinely affordable housing, normally for rent from a registered social landlord, to meet local housing needs. In addition, Policy HG5 provides for local needs affordable housing schemes on land outside but immediately abutting small rural communitiesSettlement Development Boundaries under the Government’s Rural Exceptions Scheme. This is a continuation of a successful policy that has resulted in the implementation of several appropriate small-scale schemes adjoining villages in the District in recent years to meet the local housing needs of persons unable to afford market housing.

Infill Housing Development within Defined Villages

13.33 Infill Housing development within the Settlement Development Boundaries of definedvillages is governed by the application of Policy RA4. This provides clarity on the scale of infill development permitted. In brief, it is more appropriate to locate small-scale residential development in those villages with a range of facilities and services, rather than the smaller settlements which are devoid of facilities and where new development would therefore place a heavy reliance upon travelling for virtually all service requirements.

13.34 The steady fall in rural employment opportunities and the increase in car ownership have contributed to the marked decline in local services and facilities in rural communities. Each facility lost in a village makes the situation worse, resulting in more people needing to travel further to schools, shops, entertainment etc. The Council recognises the difficulties and hardship that the loss of a local post office or village store can cause, particularly for residents who do not own a car, or do not have access to one during the day.

13.35 Policy QL1 of this Plan defines Settlement Development Boundaries for those villages comprising an existing compact group of at least 30 dwellings and one or more of the following key facilities: primary school, convenience good shop, (often including a post office), or village hall. Some of the District’s rural settlements, however, consist of several hundred houses, some with a better range of facilities/services including:

• a primary school;

• good journey to work public/community transport to a town;

• convenience goods shop;

• community leisure and social facilities; and

• a variety of employment opportunities.

13.36 Policy RA4 is designed to allow infill housing development in villages that is related, in its scale, to the range of facilities available in that village, i.e. villages with a greater range of services can support larger housing developments in sustainability terms without severely increasing the number of car-borne journeys in the District. In contrast, in villages with a smaller range of services, residential development infill should be restricted to smaller scale schemes developments.

13.36a The Council recognises the important role that local schools in rural communities perform and acknowledges the fact that, to sustain their continued operation, modest levels of local household growth may be necessary. In secondary and other defined villages, the presence of a primary school will therefore be a material consideration in determining the level of weight to be given to the application of Policy RA4 in limiting the amount of dwellings permitted in these rural settlements.

13.37 The Policy identifies three categories of village: “Sustainable Principal Defined Villages”, “Secondary Defined Villages with a Range of Services”, and “Other DefinedVillages”. These are explained below.

Sustainable Principal Defined Villages and Rural Settlements

13.38 Defined rural settlements containing all five of the above-listed facilities/services are considered to be Sustainable Principal Defined Villages”. At the Plan’s base date of April 20034, the following villages were ranked in this category:

• Alresford

• Great Bentley

• Little Clacton

• St. Osyth

• Thorpe-le-Soken

• Weeley

Secondary Defined Villages and Rural Settlementswith a Range of Services

13.39 Defined rural settlements containing any four of the five above-listed facilities/services are considered “Secondary Defined Villages with a Range of Services”. In April 20034, these included:

• Ardleigh

• Bradfield

• Elmstead Market

Great Bromley

• Great Oakley

• Kirby-le-Soken

• Ramsey

• Thorrington

• Wix

Other Defined Villages and Rural Settlements

13.40 Defined rural settlements containing three or fewer of the five above-listed facilities/services fall within the

Other Defined Villages” category. In April 20034, these were:

• Aingers Green

• Beaumont-cum-Moze

• Frating Green and Balls Green

Great Bromley

• Great Holland

• Point Clear

• Tendring

• Tendring Green

• Weeley Heath

• Wrabness

Policy RA4 — Infill Housing Development within Defined Villages

New housing development in villages will take the form of infilling (1-3 houses) within the Settlement Development Boundaries. It is accepted that small groups of up to 5 dwellings within the villages that have a range of services and facilities may be appropriate. Proposals for 6 or more dwellings in villages will only be allowed in Sustainable Villages.

Within the Settlement Development Boundaries of Defined Villages:

Proposals for 6 or more dwellings will only be allowed in “Principal Defined Villages”;

Small groups of up to 5 dwellings may be appropriate within “Secondary Defined Villages”; and

In the “Other Defined Villages”, housing development will take the form of infilling (1-3 houses)

Other Rural Settlements

13.40a Tendring District contains a number of other rural settlements such as: Little Bentley, Little Bromley and Stones Green. These settlements are important in terms of their historical associations and as the central focus of parish life. Government guidance in PPS7 recognises that small scale development in these settlements, may be justified where it helps to meet identified community needs. In addition, these settlements may benefit from the provision of affordable housing under the terms of policy HG5.

Safer and Healthier Communities

Local Services and Facilities

13.41 The wide range in population and dwelling numbers, results in a broad range in the numbers of local services provided within each village. Services such as post offices, village stores, community halls, places of worship and schools are all essential to village life. They help maintain inclusiveness, reduce the need to travel by car and contribute to alleviating rural poverty by providing low-income households with access to essential services.

13.42 Policy QL7 and Policy COM3 provide protection for these facilities. In some villages, there are deficiencies in services that need to be remedied. Where possible, the Council will take planning action to help secure this by permitting development that provides local services within the villages, subject to the relevant policy considerations, including amenity and highway safety.

13.43 The retention of existing local services, recreation and community facilities and provision of new facilities are considered in more detail in the Safer and Healthier Communities Chapter and rural transport is considered in the Sustainable Transportation Chapter.

13.44 In the previous Local Plan, in response to the increased population proposed at Frating, planning permission was sought, and permitted for the erection of a meeting hall on land adjacent to “Brooklyn”, Colchester Road, as shown on the Proposals Map Inset, to serve the need of the local community.

Policy RA5 — Provision for a New Community Hall, Frating

Land adjacent “Brooklyn”, Colchester Road, is allocated for community use.

13.45 Pubs perform a useful social role in rural communities and are a source of local employment. Frequently, they occupy historic buildings and make a significant contribution to the character of the locality. The Council considers that the increasing number of proposals to convert pubs to other uses (most notably residential) warrants the introduction of a specific policy so that future applications may be properly assessed.

Policy RA6 - Village Pubs

Retention of public houses is strongly supported, particularly in rural areas where the availability of other premises is limited. Applications for changes-of-use will be resisted, unless convincing evidence can be provided to show that the public house is not economically viable. If permission is granted for a change-of-use, encouragement will be given to the premises remaining in some form of community or employment use as long as there is no traffic, amenity, environmental or conservation problems as a result.

If applications for a change of use of a public house are received in rural areas, evidence will be required that:

(i) a comprehensive and sustained marketing campaign (agreed in advance) offering the public house for sale as a going concern, has been undertaken, using an agreed valuation of the premises;

(ii) the public house has been offered for sale locally, and in the region, in appropriate publications.

(iii) the marketing campaign has run for a period of at least 12 months before the planning application is submitted; and

(iv) if marketing has been based wholly or partially on an alternative community or employment use, there has been prior discussion on the principle of the proposal.

13.46 As part of its Rural Policing Review, Essex Police Authority have been searching for an appropriate site for the location of a new Police Station. No specific site has been selected, but any proposal for a new Police Station will be judged against the criteria of Policy RA7.

Policy RA7 — Provision of a New Police Station

Proposals for the development of a new Police Station will be permitted provided that:

(i) they do not have a materially detrimental affect on:

a) the amenity of neighbouring occupiers;

b) highway and pedestrian safety;

c) the townscape and surroundings;

(ii) the facilities are accessible to the community they serve by a variety of forms of transport, including public transport; and

(iii) adequate car-parking provision is provided to meet operational demands.

Recreation and Open Space

13.47 The Council has recently undertaken a comprehensive assessment of the quality and quantity of public open space across the District. When measured against the National Playing Field Association (NPFA) standards, the District was found to be deficient in virtually all types of public open space and it was found that the quality of existing facilities also need to be improved. New policies have been introduced to help redress this imbalance and the following sites have been identified as new areas of public open space to be safeguarded and brought into public use as and when sufficient funds becaome available through applying Policy COM6.

13.48 The sites in question are:

• land north of the existing recreation ground and south of Mary Warner Road, Ardleigh; and

• land to the rear of 18-32 Holly Way, Elmstead Market.

13.49 Both of these areas are shown on the Proposals Map Insets as well as all areas of open space safeguarded under Policy COM7 of this Plan.

Country Parks

13.50 A new Country Park is proposed for land at Martin’s Farm, north-west of St. Osyth. This is expected to open in 2004 and will be safeguarded as a Country Park under Policy COM13 of this Plan.

Utilities

13.51 The Tendring Peninsula historically suffers from a low annual rainfall which can pose long-term problems in terms of water supply. A site west of Great Holland is shown on the Proposals Map for a new reservoir and pumping station and is safeguarded for that purpose under Policy COM31 of this Plan. Another water supply site will be identified in the St. Osyth Area during the Plan Period.

13.52 In the past, irrigation requirements have, to a large extent, been met by groundwater abstraction. To help protect limited groundwater supplies for future needs, the Council will generally support the development of reservoirs in rural areas to serve the needs of agriculture, subject to there being no material adverse environmental impacts. Such developments usually amount to large engineering projects that can have a significant adverse impact on the environment. Such proposals will be judged in relation to the requirements of Policy EN1 and against Policy RA8.

Policy RA8 — Agricultural Reservoirs

Support will be given for agricultural reservoirs and/ or winter water storage facilities subject to such proposals having no material adverse impact on:

(i) landscape characteristics;

(ii) biodiversity;

(iii) cultural heritage;

(iv) public rights of way;

(v) important nature conservation sites;

(vi) floodplain and associated flood storage; and

(vii) public safety.

Applications will be expected to include high quality landscaping both on and off site.

Furthermore, the development must be designed to maximise opportunities to create wildlife habitat and measures need to be put in place to ensure suitable management in perpetuity.

Sustaining Our Environment

Protection of Landscape Character

13.53 The rural villages of the Tendring District are surrounded by important and attractive rural landscape that is considered vital to sustaining the rural economy. The protection and enhancement of this environmental asset will ensure that the countryside continues to be an attractive place in which to live and work.

13.54 The Tendring District Landscape Character Assessment (LCA) identified thirty different landscape character areas across the District and provided specific guidance for built development as well as an appraisal of these individual landscapes. This material will be adopted as SPDG and will be a relevant consideration when determining planning applications.

Local Green Gaps

13.55 Local Green Gaps, as shown on the Proposals Map Insets, are designed to maintain the separation between areas of distinctive character. The open character of these areas is protected from harmful development under Policy EN2 of this Plan. This Policy also encourages the enhancement of public rights of way and existing leisure and recreational facilities.

13.56 The Green Gaps are allocated in and around the village of Little Clacton to provide clear separation between the village and Clacton-on-Sea and between the separately defined parts of the village. The local landscape is described in more detail in the Council’s LCA.

Sites Designated for their Nature Conservation, Geological or Other Scientific Value

13.57 Many of the District’s rural villages are affected by areas designated for their nature conservation, geological or other scientific value. These internationally, nationally and locally important sites are given protection against inappropriate development by Policyies EN11 a, b and c in this Plan and are shown on the Proposals Maps.

Historic Parks and Gardens

13.58 There are two Registered Parks and Gardens in the rural part of the District, namely St. Osyth Priory and Thorpe Hall (Lady Nelson Home). English Heritage have produced detailed descriptions of these registered sites (as included in the Appendices). These areas are shown on the Proposals Map Insets and Policy EN129 protects them from inappropriate development.

Conservation Areas

13.59 Many of the District’s village centres are included in Conservation Areas, typically comprising the historic nucleus of now much expanded settlements. Examples include Great Bentley, Great Oakley and Kirby-le-Soken Conservation Areas. Others, including the Thorpe-le-Soken Station and Maltings, Brightlingsea Hall and All Saints Church Conservation Areas, are found distinctly separate from defined settlements, but are located around key architectural features with distinctive surrounding character. The extent of all the District’s Conservation Areas are defined on the Inset Maps.

13.60 In all, there are twelve Conservation Areas in the rural areas of the District and in addition to control over demolition of buildings, felling or lopping of trees and greater influence on the design of development, Conservation Area designation offers opportunities for enhancement schemes to achieve visual improvements.

13.61 Characteristic features to be retained and parts of Conservation Areas that would benefit from enhancement are highlighted in the Council’s Draft Conservation Area Reviews. These documents highlight the main features of the historic environment that both contribute and detract from the special character and, when formally adopted by the Council, will be used as SPG a material consideration when determining relevant planning applications.

Sustainable Transportation

13.62 The priorities for transport investment are contained within the Essex Local Transport Plan and the Tendring Transportation Strategy. The Tendring Transportation Strategy accepts that in rural areas, for many people there is no realistic alternative to the car. The continued development of rural public transport initiatives is therefore strongly supported by the Council.

Supporting Public Transport

13.63 Thorpe, Weeley, Great Bentley and Alresford have railway stations on the main Clacton to London Liverpool Street line, Kirby Cross railway station is on the branch line between Thorpe and Walton-on-the-Naze and Wrabness station is on the Harwich to London Liverpool Street Line. The Council will support any increase in the frequency of train services at rural stations. The “Village Link” bus services that operate between Clacton and Harwich and between Clacton and Mistley which provide important north-south public transport links through the villages are also strongly supported.

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